Childcare Differences Between American And Chinese Culture...

Childcare in China differs in many ways compared to American childcare. Generally speaking, this occurs from generations of cultural differences. What are the differences? The main focuses are on values, punishment, actions, and education. We can also compare childhood, adolescence, and maturity. These certain values help mold a culture and shows how a parent chooses to bring their children up in society. Childcare differences show us habits, morals, and the intentions of a child in these cultures, all creating different effects. Similarly, American and Chinese culture teach self-conduct when raising children. In Chinese culture they practice Guan, which is to educate, care, control, support and love. This practice follows Confucianism, which is criticism to encourage to push them to gain social values and is a very strict action. China continues to make every effort to reach for success. It seeks high values for individualism and respect of adolescents to others. Their culture always looks toward the future and never lets any short interests interfere with what they praise. Their values and ideas are which made this country a secure society and have been held together for thousands of years. China’s stable society is payable to the way they obey to their future commitments established by discipline practices that were taught at childhood. In American society, we have a solid substructure and legitimacy, which means that everyone has a start on any accomplishments theyShow MoreRelatedThe Fatherhood Across Cultures : A Family Responsibility For Most Cultures2452 Words   |  10 PagesFatherhood Across Cultures I. Introduction The job of child rearing is widely regarded as a maternal responsibility for most cultures rooted in patriarchal systems (Hossain et al., 2007), and any prevalent studies on the role parents play in childcare tend to focus primarily on the relationship between mother and child. Analysis on the involvement of fathers in infant/child development had been somewhat lacking in the spectrum of cross-cultural psychology research until recently, with theRead MoreCore Concepts in Cultural Competence1211 Words   |  5 Pages | |Definition: |Cultural Competence is a set of values, behaviors, attitudes and practices within a system, organization, program or among | | |individuals that enables them to work effectively across cultures. Cultural competence refers to the ability to honor and respect | | |the beliefs, language, interpersonal styles and behaviors or children and families receiving medical care, as well as those of the | | |staffRead MoreThe Ethics Of Agricultural Biotechnology1518 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry has been driven by fundamental changes in American society. In 1975, about one-third of American mothers with young children worked outside the home because of economy inflation and a need of money to pay the bills; today almost two-thirds of such mothers are employed. The entry of so many women into the workforce has greatly increased demand for the types of services that housewives traditionally perform: cooking, cleaning, and childcare. Fast food’s pop-up solved the problems for theseRead MoreCompare the Human Resource Strategies of Colgate in U.S. and MarksSpencer (MS)2020 Words   |  9 Pages  2010  HRM  a  contemporary  approach,  6th  edn. Pearson  Education  Ltd.  P.646] 4/14 Camp;B  Offers | Direct | Indirect | Competitive  salary  and  vacation | ïÆ' ¼ | | Bonuses  and  Recognition  Awards | ïÆ' ¼ | | Flexible  spending  accounts | | ïÆ' ¼ | Childcare  Centre | | ïÆ' ¼ | Emergency  in-home  care  for  dependentchildren  and  adults | | ïÆ' ¼ | Tuition  Assistance | | ïÆ' ¼ | 2.2  Direct  Financial  Compensation  and  Indirect  Financial  Compensation Direct  financial  compensation  including  wages,  salaries,  bonuses  and Read MoreImpact Of Social Norms On Gender Roles3192 Words   |  13 Pagestheir perceptions. This section of the anticipated study will summarize research that has been conducted in the field of social psychology analyzing many articles based on marital views among different genders, gender social norms and how western cultures view traditional marriages Autokinetic Movement Social psychologist Sherif (1937) established several influential techniques for comprehending social processes, in particularly Sherif studied social norms (Baron, 2009). Social norms are group viewsRead MorePreschool At Three Cultures : America, Japan, And The United States3719 Words   |  15 Pages In the book Preschool in Three Cultures Revisited, the authors, Joseph Tobin, Yeh Hsueh, and Mayumi Karasawa, look into preschools in three cultures: China, Japan, and the United States. Prior to writing this books, the authors did research on one preschool in each of the countries to see what the learning styles were and how they compared to one another. Then they went back some twenty years later to see if there were any changes in the preschools. The changes, or lack thereof, brought aboutRead MoreAn Analysis of the Essay Math and After Math by Lensey Namioka4513 Words   |  19 Pagesoutsider wherever she has lived. It’s not surprising, then, that the protagonists in he r stories for young adults are usually outsiders too. Multicultural Author Namioka’s writing draws on both her Chinese heritage and her husband’s Japanese heritage. She has written humorous novels about young Chinese immigrants in America, as well as a series of adventure-mystery books about two 16th-century Japanese samurai. reading skill: analyze sequence of events The events in a memoir are not always describedRead MoreLiterature Research and Essay: Sleep Deprivation and Cardiovascular Disease4518 Words   |  18 Pages If sleep deprivation leads to cardiovascular diseases, they are at higher risk of suffering cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke. I chose five recent studies that provide an insight of the relationship between sleep deprivation and cardiovascular diseases. Sleep restriction increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease by augmenting proinflammatory responses through IL-17 and CRP A cohort study was conducted by van Leeuwen et al to investigateRead MoreCultural Competence5466 Words   |  22 Pagesany special population? ALLIES CO-CREATING A CULTURE of RELATIONSHIP BUILDING VS. RELATIONSHIP DESTROYING ï  ½ Multi-Layered ï  ½ Ethnic Culture ï  ½ Living Culture in an Organization ï  ½ Living Culture in a System ï  ½ Community Historical Culture COMPETENT CULTURE BROKERING Each layer of culture impacts the capacity of an individual, family, community and organization to change and heal. Developing a prACTice of paying attention to culture is a core competency of helping a change processRead MoreThe Early Childhood Education Of Literacy And Numeracy3635 Words   |  15 Pagesdescribes the interaction between the carer and the child, mesosystem describes the interactions between the family and the teacher, and up to cultural and nation-wide environment, referred to as macrosystem. Bronfenbrenner s theory emphasize the social influences on early childhood education in the sense that literacy and numeracy educational activities are more of social experiences than simply knowledge feeding. The environment of the children, the interaction between children and carers, the

The Role of Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello Essay

The Role of Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello In the play, Othello, written by William Shakespeare, there is the classic good against evil conflict. Evil, in this case, was represented by jealousy in every bad situation. The antagonist, Iago, was jealous of Othellos power as a general, and of Othellos relationship with the fair Desdemona. Othello is a powerful general, a Moor, who married Desdemona, the daughter of Barbantio, who was a senator. Jealousy begins the book when every body comes to realize that Othello and Desdemona have eloped. It seems as if every male in the book is in some way in love with Desdemona, whether it is for her looks, for her presence, or because it gives them reason to hate the Moor, Othello, who is†¦show more content†¦To get revenge on Othello for these two things, and for the fact that he loves the Moors wife, Desdemona, Iago devises a plan to turn the Moor against his wife and his lieutenant by making him think that they have been unfaithful. Iago wants Othello to think that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. To start it all, Iago goes to the house of Barbantio, who is Desdemonas father, and he tells Barbantio that his daughter has been stolen by the Moor. Barbantio becomes outraged and thinks that Othello drugged Desdemona so that she would marry him without a fight. Barbantio soon realizes that this is untrue, as soon as Desdemona speaks to him. Messengers come to the house because they are to summon Othello to the war in Rhodes. Othello, Cassio, Iago, and Roderigo, who is a gulled gentleman, sail to Rhodes with their ladies. Once there, Iago and Roderigo conspire together against the Moor. This is when they decide that Cassio and Desdemona would be the targets of their hatred for Othello. If I would time expend with such a snipe But for my sport and profit. I hate the Moor; And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets Hes done my office. I know not if t be true; But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as If for surety. He holds me well; The better shall my purpose work on him. Cassios a proper man. Let me see now: To get his place and to; plume up myShow MoreRelatedJealousy and Race in Othello 1430 Words   |  6 PagesOthello is one of Shakespeare’s tragedies; originally written as a play and performed to an Elizabethan audience. Othello and many of Shakespeare’s other plays have been performed to various audiences since, and have been adapted into Opera, Ballet, Film and television productions. Othello has survived the centuries to this day and age; and continues to captivate and remain relevant to a modern audience; Othello certainly is a timeless classic work of art. â€Å"The object of tragic imitation is menRead MoreThe Weaknesses Of Othello By William Shakespeare933 Words   |  4 PagesThe Weaknesses of Othello Throughout the beginning of Shakespeare s play, Othello, the protagonist, Othello himself, is portrayed as a powerful and courageous man. The audience is led to believe that he is a sympathetic character and a brave war hero. As the story progresses, this view seems to shift. Iago begins to play with Othello’s emotions and Othello starts to make rash decisions. In his Othello’s final great speech, he exposes his thoughts on the situation as well as his selfish motivesRead More The Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Essay1145 Words   |  5 Pagesdeceitful, protagonist Iago in Shakespeares tragedy Othello. It is amazing how one person alone can completely destroy, or deteriorate a group of good natured, trusting, loyal peoples lives in a matter of days- three to be exact. What is the motive behind Iagos heinous, selfish acts, one may ask? A rather obvious theme in the Shakespeares tragedy, Othello, is that of the many facets of jealousy, which instigate th e evil-doings of protagonist, Iago. Jealousy can be best defined, in theRead MoreEssay on Othello; Jealousy1702 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout Shakespeare’s Othello, the major theme of jealousy is apparent. The tragedy Othello focuses on the doom of Othello and the other major characters as a result of jealousy. In Shakespeare’s Othello, jealousy is portrayed through the major characters of Iago and Othello. It utterly corrupts their lives because it causes Iago to show his true self, which in turn triggers Othello to undergo an absolute conversion that destroys the lives of their friends. Othello represents how jealousy, particularlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Othello By William Shakespeare1171 Words   |  5 PagesBODY PARAGRAPH 2 JEALOUSY Jealousy is a major component of both the text and the appropriation, as jealousy is what drives Iago to plot against Othello. Jealousy is largely present in the appropriation too, the breaking point for Hugo comes at the moment when his dad, who is the coach, presents Odin with the award for ‘Most Valuable Player’, and announces to the team that â€Å"I love him (Odin), like my own son†. It is at this point that Hugo starts conspiring against Odin. Odin receiving the M.V.PRead MoreOthello: Shakespeare vs. Parker Essay615 Words   |  3 PagesOthello: Shakespeare vs. Parker To create an adaptation of a literary work is not an easy task, especially if it is a classic work by man named Shakespeare. Today movies are expected to be packed with drama, action, and sex. True, Othello contains all of these, but it certainly isnt a blockbuster by todays standards. When Shakespeare wrote Othello, viewing the play was an event in itself, not an hour and a half thrill ride that todays viewer have come to expect. This was Parkers dilemmaRead MoreFrom Valiancy to Vengeance in Shakespeare ´s Othello794 Words   |  4 PagesHatred, in Shakespeare’s Othello, destroyed the lives of so many innocent people, creating an atmosphere of fear and mayhem. Jealousy turned into a deep hatred, and liberated the beast in man (Blooms major dramatists).This mayhem caused a substantial amount of destruction and led to the demise of many. Hatred in Othello starts with Brabantio, who claims Othello is a noble, respectable man. However, Brabantio hates dark skin and foreign roots, two attributes Othello possesses. Brabantio’s hatredRead MoreOthello Character Analysis1241 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, a play written in the setting of Venice City during a period of war between Venice and Turkey in the 16 century is one of the numerous William Shakespeare’s plays. Othello a middle-aged black moor who is also a general in the defense forces marries Desdemona, a white aristocratic lady against the wishes of her father. Their love, however, does not have the happily ever after ending due to the manipulations, deceptions, and scheming of Iago who is driven by revenge and selfish ambitions.Read MoreEssay on Iago Character Analysis1141 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Othello is a play that mostly revolves around jealousy, trust and revenge. Throughout most of Shakespeares plays, evil characters are not uncommon, but in my own opinion, Iago has to be one of Ââ€" if not the most - interesting. Even though Iago might be described by some as being just pure evil or even intolerable, the truth still remains that people will read deeper into the play just to see what Iago will do next. Through his words and actions, which are carefully thoughtRead MoreTheme Of Jealousy In Othello979 Words   |  4 Pages Jealousy and betrayal are two words that often go hand in hand, especially in a relationship. In a relationship, the act of envy usually leads to betrayal when a person is being attentive of the other’s success and achievements. These type of relationships always have unpleasant endings that can be as bad as claiming the lives of innocent people around them. This shows how jealousy, betrayal, revenge can negatively impact people’s lives and can lead to a series of tragedies in the life of a hero

Geothermal energy Free Essays

Environmental Ecology 25, October, 2013 Geothermal Energy Geothermal Energy is energy that is made from heat and comes from the interior of the earth. Just about everywhere the earth keeps a constant temperature of 50 and 60 degrees and heating pumps can tap into this and use this heat. This type of energy also doesn’t produce the greenhouse gases, which harm the earth. We will write a custom essay sample on Geothermal energy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The biggest reason I can think of to use this type of energy is that it is a renewable resource that will never quit producing because earth is a 365, day a year energy source. In the winter, geothermal energy can be a huge help because these heating pumps can actually pump heat from the earth through pipes to your homes air delivering system, this can also be reversed in the summer where the heat is actually pumped from inside your house toa heat exchanger. When this happens you can actually use this heat for hot water. When using geothermal energy you it doesn’t produce harmful gases that the burning of fossil fuels causes. Instead it only produces a vapor that is harmless to the earth. These geothermal plants are also powered by streams, and nothing from the lant needs to be transported to another location because the source and everything needed is right under the feet of the plant. Right now pollution is thought of as a serious problem, and with how much money there is put into a cleaner earth, you would think they would use it for geothermal plants. This type of energy source is renewable, they have done studies that show that even with constant extraction process of heat from the earth, it still wouldn’t effect the earth or run out of heat. The absolute only way we would run out is if the core of he earth turned cold. And if this happened we would have much more problems than producing energy on earth. A lot of people would expect this to be expensive but its actually cheaper than your standard fossil fuel systems in homes. It costs less to install. And energy bills are cut in half, according to a woman that has owned one for about a year. With this system in your house they say it will have paid for itself in the first 10 years of owning one. Not only is the cost of this low, but it would eliminate our dependency on foreign oil which would be a huge plus. How to cite Geothermal energy, Papers

Corporate Reporting for Management Strategies - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Reporting for Management Strategies Journal. Answer: Introduction The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are the standards meant to guide. Monitor and control business operations that relate to finances and accounting. These standards are provided by the IFRS Foundation and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The function of the policies and laws of the IFRS is to help business organizations manage their financial accounts effectively (Diana-Andreea, 2014). Additionally they also help businesses understand these records easily. Therefore, they are used by business accountants when comparing information and to determine whether the information is reliable, relevant or valid (Tr?istaru, 2015). These standards are currently being used by a large number of organizations nowadays. The IFRS adoption is becoming a common operation for many businesses recently. Over the recent number of years, IFRS adoption in the US has become a challenge and therefore many businesses have given up the adoption and instead most of them are using the GAAP standards provided by the FASB. The IFRS has not been used especially by public business organizations. The adoption is caused by a number of problems that exists between the IASB/FASB and the IFRS. These problems relate to the implementation of additional of different rules and policies to the IFRS standards (Hillman et al, 2017). In addition to that, research has shown that it is difficult and risky for business organization in the US to adopt the IFRS standards (Loureno et al, 2015). There are immense implications and problems that can affect business operations and productivity.The following are some of the reasons why the IFRS adoption is a challenge for the US business organizations. Discussion Unreliable US Business Environment The business environment for the US business organizations regularly fond of disputes. During such disputes, most businesses opt to report the matter to the law which involves the court in solving the dispute. This is the case especially in the accounting or financial sector of businesses. If the IFRS standards are used in the US, the chances of the accountants or financial reporters being sued and blamed in case of a mistake are very high. In US the accountant is liable to any mistake that may happen when carrying out their professional duty. For this reason, the businesses are reluctant when it comes to the adoption of IFRS standards because the IFRS policies do not address the specifics of its use (Kaya and Pillhofer, 2013). For instance, it fails to address any specific liability on professional requirements when using its standards. Furthermore, the business employees and managers have no desire to deem their employees liable to a mistake that was unintentional or one that was b eyond their effort to prevent. Problems with IFRS The standards of IFRS are different from those of FASB. The FASB operations and guidelines are provided on a regular basis while those of IFRS are almost never available over a long period of time. The FASB has proved to be more reliable and convenient for many organizations in the US because it avails its updated and improved standards more often than IFRS (Chan et al, 2013). This means that, the FASB (guiding GAAP) update their policies and standards more often that the IASB that guides IFRS. In addition to that, the IFRS fails to give detailed information to its users which makes it less reliable, relevant or valid. This means that even when the business organizations adopt the IFRS, the chances of it being outdated are very high. Therefore, with the increase in technology and economic growth in the US, all business organizations have the desire to use current and updated resources when conducting their operations hence leaving out IFRS. Political Interference In every business organization, there are political differences between the investors, employees, managers, stakeholders among others. However, different these parties may be, their main aim is to keep a productive and profitable business. The GAAP standards have the ability to do that while the IFRS does not. Instead, if the IFRS is adopted by the US businesses, it will certainly fail to protect the foreign investors and stakeholders (Joos and Leung, 2012). The IFRS also does not offer the opportunity for consistent use and guidance to the organizations simply because its upgrade and improvements are irregular and few. Due to the political interference in the organizations, a good number of them opt to keep the GAAP standards and throw away the IFRS standards. Other problems with the IFRS adoption are: it is costly, unreliable for business operations, unsuitable for many businesses operating in the US to name a few. This means that for the IFRS to be valid and usable in the US, there are many mandatory changes to be involved. However, despite all of the above challenges, the IFRS standards have a future for use by the US business organizations. This is because, the two organizations that come up with the standards (IASB and FASB) have been working together as team to tackle the differences between their standards, i.e. issues on financial instruments, insurance, leases and revenue recognition (Schmidt and Schoeppey, 2016). By working out these differences, each organization will be able to update their standards to a better level hence making them both effective and efficient for any organization in the US. Therefore, the US organizations will have an opportunity to choose between the GAAP or IFRS standards. Conclusion The IFRS standards are technically ineffective, inefficient and irrelevant for businesses situated in US. These standards are difficult to be adopted especially by the public business organizations. The organizations seem to face more challenges and problems when using the IFRS standards than any other financial or accounting standard. Some challenges are caused by the IFRS itself while other are brought about due to business environment in the US. For this reasons, the US organizations opt to use the GAAP standards provided by the FASB. Research has proved that these are the best standards for the businesses in US. However, these organizations can do businesses and form partnerships with foreign organizations that have already adopted the use of IFRS. Furthermore, research has shown that over the recent years, FASB and IASB have been working together with an aim of bringing the IFRS and GAAP standards closer together. This will certainly enable the standards to be rectified where wr ong as well as help the businesses by providing with a variety of standards to choose from. References Chan, A.L.C., Hsu, A.W.H. and Lee, E., 2013. Does mandatory IFRS adoption affect the credit ratings of foreign firms cross-listed in the US?Accounting Horizons,27(3), pp.491-510. Diana-Andreea, T., 2014. The Application of International Financial Reporting Standards in Romania: Advantages and Main Problems. Management Strategies Journal,26(4), pp.271-277. Hillman, A.D., Heaston, P.H. and Dodd, J.L., 2012. Convergence or Adoption of IFRS in the United States?Drake Management Review,1(2), pp.5-8. Joos, P.P. and Leung, E., 2012. Investor perceptions of potential IFRS adoption in the United States.The Accounting Review,88(2), pp.577-609. Kaya, D. and Pillhofer, J.A., 2013. Potential adoption of IFRS by the United States: a critical view.Accounting Horizons,27(2), pp.271-299. Loureno, I.M.E.C., Branco, M.E.M.D.A. and Castelo, D., 2015. Main consequences of IFRS adoption: analysis of existing literature and suggestions for further research.Revista Contabilidade Finanas,26(68), pp.126-139. Schmidt, G. and Schoeppey, K., 2016. Which IFRS Should the United States Adopt?Advances in Business Research,7(1), pp.29-50. Tr?istaru, D.A., 2015. Ethics and Morality in the Accounting Profession.Ovidius University Annals, Series Economic Sciences,15(2).

The Assistant free essay sample

An examination of Bernard Malamuds book The Assistant with special reference to the lead characters. Endurance and suffering are main themes as projected through the two lead characters in Bernard Malamuds The Assistant, a heartwarming mentor-student story set in early 20th century Brooklyn. The writer shows how Malamud threads a theme of suffering in order to attain a higher moral stature throughout the novel. It is set against the backdrop of the Depression era and it tells of a Jewish grocery-store owner and his Italian assistant. The relationship between these two characters is the focus of the paper. As is the case with many of his stories, The Assistant, By Bernard Malamud, tells the story of a simple man trying to make his life better through a struggle against bad luck. Through his characterizations in The Assistant, Malamud makes his themes of endurance and suffering. Malamud, perhaps best known for The Natural, which turned into a 1980s film starring Robert Redford, takes a turn at writing about those not in the limelight this time. We will write a custom essay sample on The Assistant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Indie Attitude

Indie Attitude While I’m on a Joel Friedlander high (last week’s issue), I had to sink my teeth into a piece he had on his blog recently. thebookdesigner.com/2014/05/the-secret-sauce-for-indie-publishers-attitude/ The blog post was titled The Secret Sauce for Indie Publishers: Attitude. Nina Amir was the author of that post, and she advised that an Indie attitude needed to consist of: 1) Willingness 2) Optimism 3) Objectivity 4) Tenacity I loved reading the comments afterwards, some from readers who obviously were not interested in an attitude adjustment, preferring to remain in their I-can’t-do-this or you-have-to-know-somebody mindset. Actually, the Indie attitude is just a healthy attitude toward life. You don’t have to be a writer, and your attitude doesn’t have to be about writing. And if you want to take attitude and   boil it down to one word, you can stop with the first in Nina Amir’s list: WILLINGNESS. If you are willing to do whatever it takes to change, try new things, learn new ways, attempt trial and error, and write until you figure out how to play this game and make a living at it, it just might happen. I had a long conversation with my editor the other day about more books, a new series, and how I view my writing career. In the exchange, I let her know that whether I’m published or not, I’ll write my stories. And if I cannot find a publisher, I’ll self-publish. It’s just what I do, and I’ll adapt to whatever I need to in order to keep doing what I’m doing. She was impressed at my â€Å"attitude† toward the future.  Frankly, I see my future no other way. Why not be willing to adapt . . . when it makes me better or more successful? Why not learn new ways . . . if old ones have quit working? Why not step outside my comfort zone . . . if staying inside it confines me to a routine that isn’t moving me forward? It’s all attitude. You’ve met those people in your life, the ones with a great outlook and a willingness to improve. They are exciting to be around. So why can’t that be you?

People at work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

People at work - Essay Example ACAS also helps the employees to resolve their workplace conflicts and offers them various services like mediation, conciliation and arbitration with their employers so that the employee gets the best services. There are mainly two areas where Andy requires advice: grievance related to work exploitation and insult; and threat of dismissal. Andy has genuine case of grievances. When ‘Whinnberry Clothing’ introduced new area of services and made Andy the sole person to manage the new line clothing which could be hired for special occasion, his service contract was not revised and he performed the new set of services without any helpers, while still continuing with the his previous duties. Apart from not having getting extra remunerations for the extra work, he was made to handle the huge and heavy packages single handedly at the great risk of his physical wellbeing and health safety which had indeed resulted in severe health problems which were deliberately not acknowledged by his manager. Another major reason was that he was also publicly humiliated by his manager when he refused to lift the heavy packages. The threat of unfair dismissal was another major area where Andy needed imminent advice and support from ACAS. Andy was earlier praised for making the new venture the successful and profit making but was not shown any consideration when he started having serious health problems due to hazardous nature of the work. Instead he was publicly humiliated and issued dismissal threat. The first step of grievance procedure that Andy must follow is to give a letter to his employers which would give a ‘stage 1 of statement of grievance(s)’ (emplaw.co.uk). This step is mandatory before the case can be put to employment tribunal. The step is designed to promote amicable settlement of grievances and dispute resolution with ‘out of court’ settlement, if any, between

Examine the difference between integration and inclusion in terms of Essay

Examine the difference between integration and inclusion in terms of special educational needs provision in the UK - Essay Example History of Special education needs The history of special needs dates back decades ago, but the documented cases were evident in the beginning of the 20th century where ideas about the provision of education for children with special needs were based on a medical model of ‘defects’. This model was mainly focused on difference rather than nor ­mality, on illness rather than well being, and particularly on the ‘problem’ with the child (Lewis, 1999). Deficit rather than potential was used to categorize children with various needs. Therefore, the special education needs began with the establishment of separate special schools for children with special needs and required an extra care. The educational reforms of 1944 In 1944, significant educational reforms were developed; most of them were targeted to cater the educational need of each and every child. This educational act also addressed the needs and requirements that were thought essential to fulfill the eme rging need for special education. However, this pact had some drawbacks associated with it such as it did not liberate the needs of those with special needs as it did for the normal children. It still used the medical model of disability where deficit rather than potential was used. ... The approach stressed the work with children with spe ­cial needs moved towards an approach favored by behaviorist psychologists. They criticisized the medical approach and saw the operant technique more adequate since it stressed the importance and risks associated with the problems and issues related in fulfilling the needs of special children by putting that responsibility on teachers (Lewis, 1999). The behaviorist technique turned out to be very helpful as it was directly effective in helping the children as well as in suppressing their particular difficulties with more understanding. De?nition of Special Educational Needs Children have special educational needs if they suffer during the process of learning which naturally raises the need for the development of a special educational provision for them. Children encounter learning difficulty if they: a) face a greater difficulty in learning as compare to the other children of the same age group; or b) have a disability which kee ps them away or hinders them from facilitating themselves from the use of educational services of a kind generally provided for children of the same age group in schools and other institutes within the vicinity of the local education authority; c) are under obligatory school age and come within the de?nition at a) Or b) above or in case if the special educational provision was not developed for them. Children must not be discriminated on having a learning difficulty only on the basis of language or any form of language they speak at home which maybe different from the language or medium in which they will be taught. Special educational provision means: a) for children of 2 or over,

Movie review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Movie review - Essay Example The two characters, Octavia Spencer and Viola Davis give a distinguished performance as maids and rack the entire audience sympathy. Since this is a feminist tale, all the male actors are invisible. Most of the women are on the right side of arguments displaying bravery and boldness while those on the wrong side are poor, timid and deluded bastards. Allison Janey plays Skeeter’s mother, the only three-dimensional character in this play, a core part of the redemption story and a truly confused figure. The movie gives a glance at the treatment African-Americans received back in the 1960’s when their rights had no value in the American Society. This film is in tandem with the US’s current state of affairs in the political arena. The fight between the right and wrong, Obama as the first black president and the same Southern fundamentalists’ racism today respectively, are vivid truths to the viewers. Unlike the 1960’s audience, it invites the today’s audience to support the right course and shun racism. Despite the few flaws in the movie, it is a true inspiration for blacks and whites living in the USA to rise above the pettiness of skin colour and condemn racism. As directed by Steve McQueen, the film offers an insight into the mistreatment that the slaves received. Chiwetel Ejiofor deserves Oscar award for his stunning performance in 12 Years a Slave, a fascinating, engrossing movie about the era of slavery in America. The movie is a realistic reflection and engaging throughout. One of the clear depictions of slavery, Ejiofor, and Lupita, have demonstrated phenomenon and sterling performances with Michael Fassbender distinctly standing out. Excellence and amazing cinematography from Sean Bobbit and a thrilling script by John Ridley greatly marries the modern orchestrated work with contemporary tunes underscoring the emotions. The film gives a deeper reflection of inhumane slave treatment. It

Characteristics Of Bullying Behavior Psychology Essay

Characteristics Of Bullying Behavior Psychology Essay The behavior of bullying carries a significant social, financial and a medical cost for its victims as well as perpetrators. Data demonstrates it to be a highly prevalent behavior, with powerful and long lasting psychological and social impact [1]. It crosses boundaries of age, gender, ethnic, and other sociodemographic categories, and has been shown to occur within settings as different as elementary school and corporate boardrooms [2]. Involvement in bullying can impair and degrade the quality of life for both victims and perpetrators. This is underscored with work done by Connoly and colleagues [3] that showed children who bully at higher risk of developing severe relationship problems as adults. The trauma of bullying has been shown to be associated with severe and chronic psychiatric pathology, including mood and anxiety disorders, including PTSD, alcohol and drug abuse as well as personality disorders [4]. The most alarming sequela of bullying is its association with increased risk of suicidal behavior [5]. Thus, given the high cost of this behavioral phenomena, bullying should be approached with a collaborative, multidisciplinary effort as a prevalent source of severe trauma, with very high individual and social costs [5]. Definition: The definition of bullying is by no means monolithic, with nuances varying between different researchers, and socio-demographic settings. The principal, overarching framework of the definition of bullying, is established and accepted by the community of researchers involved with this subject matter. Olweus et. al [6] defines bullying as a specific form of aggression, which is intentional, repeated, and involves a disparity of power between the victim and perpetrators. This aggression can be physical, verbal, gestural or through intentional exclusion from a group, without apparent provocation on the part of the person being targeted. What sets bullying apart from other forms of abuse, such as child abuse and domestic violence, is the social context in which it occurs and the imbalanced power relationship of the parties involved [6]. Demographics and characteristics of bullying behavior: Wang and colleagues [7] recently showed that among US adolescents, the prevalence of having bullied others or having been bullied at school for at least once in the last 2 months were 20.8% physically, 53.6% verbally, 51.4% socially, or 13.6% electronically. Males were more involved in physical or verbal bullying, whereas girls were more involved in relational bullying. Boys were more likely to be cyber bullies, whereas girls were more likely to be cyber bullying victims. Compared with 6th graders, 9th and10th graders were less involved in bullying for physical (bullies, victims, or bully-victims), verbal (victims or bully-victims), relational (victims or bully-victims), or cyber form (bullies). African-American adolescents were involved in more bullying (physical, verbal, or cyber) but less victimization (verbal or relational). Higher parental support was associated with less involvement across all forms of bullying. Having more friends was associated with more bullying and less vic timization for physical, verbal, and relational forms but was not associated with cyber bullying. Lemstra et al. [8] investigated bullying in 4,197 youth subjects; in which 23% reported being physically bullied at least once or twice in the previous four weeks. They demonstrated that being male, attending a school in a low-income neighborhood, perception of having unhappy home life, arguments with parents and feeling like leaving home have been found to be associated. It is also important to recognize that bullying affects people other than children and adolescents at school setting. Murhtar and colleagues [9] found that almost 70% of medical students in their study had experienced some form of bullying in the past 6 months. Balducci et al. [10] demonstrated that bullying is a prevalent behavior in a workplace, and study of Norwegian workforce by Nielsen and colleagues [11] have show that almost 5% of people see themselves as victims of bullying, with nearly 7% report that they are exposed to a high degree of bullying behaviors, and 1% are exposed to sever bullying. Bullying and Suicidal Behavior: As previously mentioned, the most striking and dire outcome of bullying for both victims and perpetrators is an increased risk of suicidal ideation, attempts and completed suicide shown to be associated with this behavior. A study that involved 838 youth in 9th-12th grades attending public high school demonstrated that subjects involved in bullying as a perpetrator, victim, or victim-perpetrator were more likely than controls to report having seriously considered or attempted suicide within the past year [12]. Fisher and colleagues [13] demonstrated in twin studies that exposure to frequent bullying predicted higher rates of self injurious behavior even after controlling for pre-morbid emotional, behavioral problems and environmental risk factors. A study by Winsper et al. [14] showed that pre-adolescence subjects involved in bullying, especially in the role of being both a bully and a victim were at increased risk for suicidal ideation, suicidal and self-injurious behavior. Some dat a suggests thathrough novel or worsening psychopathology. Brunstein and colleagues [15] suggested that bullying behavior in the absence of depression or suicidality is not an independent risk factor, but rather amplifies inherent risk of suicidal behavior associated with depression. Intro to bullying and psychiatric pathology: Whether or not bullying increases the risk of suicidal and self-injurious behavior directly, it is important to report that it is positively and directly correlated with different psychiatric conditions. Kumpulainen et al. [4] showed that young subjects involvement in bullying, are more likely to struggle with disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety, and personality disorders. Bullying and depression: Multiple studies have demonstrated a clear correlation between involvement in bullying and a higher risk of developing a depressive disorder. Lemstra and colleagues [16] showed that children who were physically bullied multiple times per week were 80% more likely to develop symptoms of depression in comparison to children who never experienced bullying. A retrospective study by Lund et al. [17] claimed that adult men with a self reported history of being bullied at school were significantly more likely of being diagnosed with a depressive disorder later in life; and a prospective study that looked at 2348 boys [18] demonstrated that boys who were both perpetrators and victims of bullying were at higher risk for developing depression, and suicidal behavior later in life. Bullying and PTSD: Bullying, although not considered to be a form of acute trauma, has also been shown to be associated with symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) [19]. Positive correlation between symptoms of PTSD and exposure to bullying were demonstrated among subjects who experienced bullying at work [20]. Another study that attempted to assess prevalence and intensity of PTSD symptomatology among victims of bullying at work, and tried to show whether victims of bullying were more vulnerable to other distressing life events demonstrated that more than 70% of bully victims developed symptoms of PTSD, and displayed a moderate or severe impairment in social functioning [21]. Bullying and other anxiety disorders: People involved in bullying appear to be at a higher risk of an anxiety disorders other than PTSD. One study demonstrated that social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder and panic disorder were all positively associated with severe teasing and bullying experiences [22]. Kumpulainen et al. [23] showed that among children victims of bullying anxiety symptoms were as frequent as 8.7%; a number that is significantly higher than controls. Another study demonstrated that being a bully, victim of bullying, or having a role of being both a bully and victim in preadolescence (age period 10à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬12) significantly predicted development of anxiety symptoms in adolescence (age period 10à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬17 years) [24]. Data also supports a strong , positive correlation between involvement in bullying and development in anxiety symptoms in younger children, in grades five through eight [25], and students age12-17 [26]. Bullying and substance and alcohol abuse and dependence: Finally, research has consistently demonstrated that subjects involved in bullying are more likely to use alcohol and illicit psychoactive substances. In one large sample, it was shown that substance use and bullying behaviors co-occurred among 5.4% of adolescents in the United States [27]. Another study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. children in 6thà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬10th grades, found that alcohol use was associated with increased odds of bullying [28]. A study that consisted of adolescents aged 12à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬17, who were admitted to an inpatient psychiatry unit showed that the use of any substance (i.e.,tobacco, alcohol and drugs) was generally more common among bullies [29]. Finally, a large study based on schoolchildren demonstrated that students who were engaged in bullying were more likely to be smokers and to have had a history of alcohol use [30].

Georgia OKeefe (includes annotated bibliography) Essay -- art, America

Georgia O’Keefe (word count includes annotated bibliography) Georgia O’Keefe is a famous American painter who painted beautiful flowers and landscapes. But she painted these images in such a way that many people believed she was portraying sexual imagery. â€Å"O’Keefe’s depictions of flowers in strict frontality and enlarged to giant scale were entirely original in character . . . the view into the open blossoms evoked an image of the female psyche and invited erotic associations.† (Joachimides 47) O’Keefe denies these allegations and says that she â€Å"magnified the scale of the flower only to ensure people would notice them.† (Haskell 203) O’Keefe’s artwork was misinterpreted because of cultural prejudice, her non-traditional lifestyle, and gender bias art criticism. But despite these accusations, Georgia O’Keefe’s artwork was not based on sexuality.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O’Keefe was born on November 15, 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. Her parents were dairy farmers and throughout her childhood she lived on her family’s farm. Georgia had a rough childhood growing up on the farm. Her mother did not especially like her and when she was not busy ignoring her, she treated her very badly. Although her mother disliked her, Georgia’s father loved her unconditionally and gave her the love her mother deprived her of. But he also molested her, a tramatizing drawback that would follow her for the rest of her life. Although she knew what her father was doing was wrong, she refused to admit this to herself because he was the only loved one she truly had. So, when Georgia’s father left, she was heartbroken (Hogrefe 14). â€Å"The abandonment she must have felt when he left the family had repercussions for the rest of her life as she refused to get close to many of her male companions . . .her closest male friends were homosexual . . . a nd she spurned men who sought sexual intimacy with her.† (15) After her father left, Georgia was sent to live with her aunt who punished her frequently by secluding her in her room and often by slapping Georgia in the face. When she was a teenager she was sent to an all girl’s boarding school. This is where she was finally able to receive art classes and build on her talent. Georgia’s mother did not allow her to be cultured, because it was forever trapped in the ways of the late 1800’s and if you were a lady, it was not worth it (17). Georgia O’Keefe was brought ... ...o capture the true essence of a flower you needed to be able to see it up close for a more personal, intimate effect. To examine something as simple as a flower up close, you only then realize the extreme complexity that makes such an inconsequential thing so beautiful. Robinson, Roxana. Georgia O’Keeffe: A Life. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1989.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book goes through Georgia’s life in detail. I found a lot of personal quotes in this book that Georgia said about her work and the criticism it received that really caught my eye. She was very opinionated about her art, but at the same time, she could care less about what any art critic had to say about it. Art critics at the time of her career’s peak were predominantly male and this book expresses the fact that male chauvinism was a huge impact on the criticism of her work. This book also goes into the impression her constant change in her surroundings had on her work. Georgia her constant change in her surroundings had on her work. Georgia lived in several different parts of America, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, California, New York, etc. and with each move, her style change and reflected this new place. Georgia OKeefe (includes annotated bibliography) Essay -- art, America Georgia O’Keefe (word count includes annotated bibliography) Georgia O’Keefe is a famous American painter who painted beautiful flowers and landscapes. But she painted these images in such a way that many people believed she was portraying sexual imagery. â€Å"O’Keefe’s depictions of flowers in strict frontality and enlarged to giant scale were entirely original in character . . . the view into the open blossoms evoked an image of the female psyche and invited erotic associations.† (Joachimides 47) O’Keefe denies these allegations and says that she â€Å"magnified the scale of the flower only to ensure people would notice them.† (Haskell 203) O’Keefe’s artwork was misinterpreted because of cultural prejudice, her non-traditional lifestyle, and gender bias art criticism. But despite these accusations, Georgia O’Keefe’s artwork was not based on sexuality.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O’Keefe was born on November 15, 1887 in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin. Her parents were dairy farmers and throughout her childhood she lived on her family’s farm. Georgia had a rough childhood growing up on the farm. Her mother did not especially like her and when she was not busy ignoring her, she treated her very badly. Although her mother disliked her, Georgia’s father loved her unconditionally and gave her the love her mother deprived her of. But he also molested her, a tramatizing drawback that would follow her for the rest of her life. Although she knew what her father was doing was wrong, she refused to admit this to herself because he was the only loved one she truly had. So, when Georgia’s father left, she was heartbroken (Hogrefe 14). â€Å"The abandonment she must have felt when he left the family had repercussions for the rest of her life as she refused to get close to many of her male companions . . .her closest male friends were homosexual . . . a nd she spurned men who sought sexual intimacy with her.† (15) After her father left, Georgia was sent to live with her aunt who punished her frequently by secluding her in her room and often by slapping Georgia in the face. When she was a teenager she was sent to an all girl’s boarding school. This is where she was finally able to receive art classes and build on her talent. Georgia’s mother did not allow her to be cultured, because it was forever trapped in the ways of the late 1800’s and if you were a lady, it was not worth it (17). Georgia O’Keefe was brought ... ...o capture the true essence of a flower you needed to be able to see it up close for a more personal, intimate effect. To examine something as simple as a flower up close, you only then realize the extreme complexity that makes such an inconsequential thing so beautiful. Robinson, Roxana. Georgia O’Keeffe: A Life. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1989.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This book goes through Georgia’s life in detail. I found a lot of personal quotes in this book that Georgia said about her work and the criticism it received that really caught my eye. She was very opinionated about her art, but at the same time, she could care less about what any art critic had to say about it. Art critics at the time of her career’s peak were predominantly male and this book expresses the fact that male chauvinism was a huge impact on the criticism of her work. This book also goes into the impression her constant change in her surroundings had on her work. Georgia her constant change in her surroundings had on her work. Georgia lived in several different parts of America, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, California, New York, etc. and with each move, her style change and reflected this new place.